Laravel

How to implement multi-tenancy in Laravel applications effectively?

December 3, 2025

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Implement multi-tenancy in Laravel using a single database with tenant_id scoping for simplicity, or packages like stancl/tenancy for automatic database switching. Key steps include tenant identification middleware, global scopes on models, and tenant-aware routes/authentication to ensure data isolation.​

Choose a single-database approach with tenant_id for most SaaS apps, add it to models, enforce via global scopes, and identify tenants by domain/subdomain in middleware. Use packages like Tenancy for Laravel to automate database/per-domain switching without code changes. Always validate tenant ownership in policies and test for data leaks.

Code

/ Single DB + tenant_id (simple approach)
class TenantScope implements Scope {
    public function apply(Builder $builder, Model $model) {
        $builder->where('tenant_id', tenant('id'));
    }
}
// Model: static::addGlobalScope(new TenantScope);

// Middleware: app/Http/Middleware/IdentifyTenant.php
public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
    config(['tenant.id' => Tenant::where('domain', $request->getHost())->first()->id]);
    return $next($request);
}

// Package: composer require stancl/tenancy
// routes/tenant.php
Route::middleware(['web', 'InitializeTenancyByDomain'])->group(function () {
    Route::get('/', fn() => tenant('id'));
});
// php artisan tenancy:install
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